I. Basic Weaving Types (Most Common, Suitable for General Filtration and Protection)

1. Plain Weave

• Weaving Principle: The most basic interlacing method, where warp threads (longitudinal) and weft threads (transverse) alternately pass over and under each other following a "one over, one under" pattern. Each thread intersects with adjacent warp and weft threads, forming uniform square meshes.
• Structural Features:
  • The mesh surface is flat and uniform, with mesh openings in standard square shapes (or rectangular if there are differences in warp and weft density).
  • There are many contact points between wires, resulting in strong tensile resistance, but moderate air permeability.
  • The filtration precision is stable, and mesh deformation due to local stress is unlikely.
• Application Scenarios: General filtration (e.g., coarse filtration of liquids and gases), protective nets (e.g., window screens, equipment guards), decorative nets, and screening (e.g., coarse screening of grains and ores).
• Typical Specifications: Mesh sizes range from 0.1mm (for fine filtration) to 10mm (for protection), commonly used in 304 and 316L stainless steel meshes for light industry.

2. Twill Weave

• Weaving Principle: Warp and weft threads interlace following a "two over, one under" or "three over, one under" pattern, forming an inclined "twill pattern" (visible diagonal lines to the naked eye). Compared with plain weave, each thread has fewer intersections with adjacent threads.
• Structural Features:
  • The mesh surface is denser and smoother, with a softer texture (more flexible than plain weave of the same specification).
  • For the same mesh size, twill weave allows for thicker wire diameters, resulting in higher compressive strength and better air permeability than plain weave.
  • Mesh stability is slightly inferior to plain weave, and slight deviation may occur under stress.
• Application Scenarios: Medium-to-high precision filtration (e.g., hydraulic oil filtration, chemical liquid filtration), wire curtains in the papermaking industry, and conveyor belts (requiring a certain degree of flexibility).
• Note: The "diagonal direction" of twill weave may affect the fluid flow direction during filtration. When selecting, the matching between fluid flow direction and twill direction should be considered.

3. Square Weave (Plain Dutch Weave)

• Weaving Principle: Also known as "plain Dutch weave", it is essentially an "enhanced version" of plain weave. Warp and weft threads are alternately arranged as "two thick threads + two thin threads" or interlaced as single thick threads and single thin threads, forming a structure where "thick threads provide support and thin threads enhance density".
• Structural Features:
  • The mesh openings are extremely fine and uniform, enabling high filtration precision (reaching the micron level).
  • The mesh surface has high rigidity and better impact resistance than ordinary plain weave, making it less prone to damage.
  • Air permeability is low (due to dense meshes), suitable for high-precision, low-flow filtration.
• Application Scenarios: Precision filtration (e.g., liquid medicine filtration in the pharmaceutical industry, pure water filtration in the electronics industry), catalyst filtration, and air filters for pneumatic components.

II. Special Weaving Types (Tailored for Specific Performance, Suitable for High-End Scenarios)

1. Dutch Weave (Including Twill Dutch Weave and Reverse Dutch Weave)

• Core Features: Different from square weave, Dutch weave uses "fine and dense warp threads with thick and sparse weft threads" or vice versa. By leveraging the "diameter difference between warp and weft threads", it achieves a combination of "high-density fine meshes + high-strength support", making it the mainstream process for high-precision filtration.
• Subtypes:
  • Twill Dutch Weave: Interlaced following the "two over, one under" twill pattern, with fine and dense warp threads and thick and sparse weft threads. The mesh openings are rhomboidal, offering high filtration precision (1-50μm) and slightly better air permeability than square Dutch weave.
  • Reverse Dutch Weave: Features thick and sparse warp threads with fine and dense weft threads. The mesh surface is more wear-resistant, suitable for filtration in high-pressure environments (e.g., high-pressure filters in hydraulic systems).
• Application Scenarios: High-pressure filtration in the petrochemical industry, oil filtration for automobile engines, fuel filtration in aerospace, and medical equipment (e.g., blood filtration).

2. Five-Harness Weave

• Weaving Principle: Adopts a cyclic interlacing pattern with "five warp threads as a group" (e.g., "two over, three under", "three over, two under"), forming a more complex interlaced structure. The mesh surface has no obvious patterns and is flatter.
• Structural Features:
  • There are many contact points between wires, resulting in extremely high overall strength and better tensile and tear resistance than plain weave and twill weave.
  • The mesh openings have good uniformity, leading to low fluid resistance during filtration and reduced clogging.
• Application Scenarios: High-strength filtration (e.g., tailings filtration in mines, high-pressure filter plates in sewage treatment), vibrating screens (needing to withstand high-frequency vibration), and protective nets for heavy equipment.

3. Satin Weave

• Weaving Principle: Interlaces following a long cyclic pattern such as "three over, one under" or "four over, one under". A single weft thread intersects with multiple warp threads (e.g., "four over, one under" means a single weft thread passes under 4 warp threads consecutively and then over 1 warp thread), forming a mesh surface as smooth as satin.
• Structural Features:
  • The mesh surface is extremely smooth with a low friction coefficient, making it less prone to material adhesion (suitable for fluids that tend to scale).
  • Air permeability is good (due to fewer intersection points and low fluid resistance), but tensile resistance is slightly inferior to five-harness weave.
• Application Scenarios: Food industry (e.g., filtration of syrup and fruit juice to prevent material adhesion), drying nets in the textile industry, and blanket support nets in the papermaking industry.

4. Crimped Weave

• Weaving Principle: Stainless steel wires are first "pre-crimped into a wavy shape" (known as "crimped wires"), and then the crimped warp and weft threads are interlaced following plain or twill patterns. The mesh openings are fixed using the "interlocking structure" of the wavy wires.
• Structural Features:
  • The mesh openings are large and stable (wavy wires interlock with each other, preventing deformation), with uniform gaps.
  • The mesh surface has high rigidity and can be used independently without additional frame support.
  • Air permeability is excellent (high mesh opening ratio), suitable for high-flow filtration or screening.
• Application Scenarios: Mineral screening (e.g., coal and ore classification), aquaculture cages (corrosion-resistant to seawater), municipal drainage filtration, and ventilation nets for large equipment.

III. Other Special Forms (Non-Traditional Interlacing, Suitable for Customized Needs)

• Spot-Welded Weaving: The intersection points of warp and weft threads are fixed by resistance spot welding to form "rigid mesh sheets". The mesh openings can be customized into square, rectangular, or even special shapes, with extremely high strength. Suitable for heavy-duty protection (e.g., machine guards, prison protective nets).
• Spiral Weaving: Stainless steel wires are wound into a spiral shape and then connected and fixed with another wire to form "tubular mesh" (e.g., stainless steel mesh tubes). Used for fluid transportation or filtration (e.g., internal filtration of chemical pipelines).
• Jacquard Weaving: Controlled by a computerized jacquard machine, warp and weft threads are interlaced to weave patterns, characters, or designs. Mainly used in the decorative field (e.g., decorative nets for building exteriors, decorative nets for furniture).

Comparison Table of Core Parameters for Different Weaving Methods